Ka ʻikepili o nā ʻāpana mīkini pololei maʻamau: ʻāpana lima

1. He aha nā ʻāpana lima?

Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā ʻāpana lima e like me kā lākou mau hiʻohiʻona: nā apo a me nā lima lima e kākoʻo ana i ke kino rotary, nā lima lima a me nā lima alakaʻi i ka mea hoʻopaʻa, nā lima cylinder ma ka mīkini hoʻoheheʻe kūloko, nā cylinders hydraulic i ka ʻōnaehana hydraulic, a me ka electro-hydraulic servo. kiwikā.lima lima, lima hooluolu i ka milo uila, etc.

2. Nā hiʻohiʻona o nā ʻāpana lima

ʻOkoʻa ke ʻano a me ka nui o nā ʻāpana lima me nā mea hoʻohana like ʻole, akā ʻo ke ʻano maʻamau ke ʻano o kēia mau hiʻohiʻona:
1) ʻOi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ke anawaena d o ka pōʻai waho ma mua o kona lōʻihi L, maʻamau L/d<5.
2) He liʻiliʻi ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o ke anawaena o ka lua o loko a me ka pōʻai waho.
3) ʻO nā koi coaxiality o nā pōʻai i loko a me waho o ka rotation he kiʻekiʻe.
4) He mea maʻalahi ka hale.

3. Nā koi ʻenehana nui no ka hana ʻana i nā ʻāpana lima

ʻO nā ʻāpana nui o nā ʻāpana lima e pāʻani i nā hana like ʻole i ka mīkini, a ʻokoʻa loa kā lākou koi ʻenehana.ʻO nā koi ʻenehana nui penei:
(1) Nā koi ʻenehana no ka lua i loko.ʻO ka lua o loko ka ʻili koʻikoʻi o nā ʻāpana lima e pāʻani ana i kahi kuleana kākoʻo a alakaʻi paha.Hoʻopili maʻamau ia i ka lāʻau neʻe, mea hana a piston paha.ʻO ka pae hoʻomanawanui o ke anawaena ʻo IT7 maʻamau, a ʻo IT6 ka lima lawe pololei;Pono e hoʻomalu ʻia ka ʻae ʻana o ke ʻano i loko o ka aperture tolerance, a ʻo ka lima pololei e hoʻomalu ʻia i loko o 1/3 ~ 1/2 o ka aperture tolerance, a i ʻole ka liʻiliʻi;no ka lōʻihi Ma waho aʻe o nā koi roundness, pono e loaʻa i ka lima nā koi no ka cylindricity o ka lua.I mea e hōʻoiaʻiʻo ai i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻāpana lima, ʻo ka roughness ʻili o ka lua i loko ʻo Ra0.16 ~ 2.5pm.Loaʻa i kekahi mau ʻāpana lima kikoʻī nā koi kiʻekiʻe, a hiki i Ra0.04um.
(2) Nā koi ʻenehana no ka pōʻai o waho: Hoʻohana pinepine ka ʻili o ka pōʻai waho i kahi kūpono kūpono a i ʻole kahi hoʻololi kūpono e hoʻohālikelike i nā lua o ka pahu a i ʻole ke kino kino e pāʻani i ke kuleana kākoʻo.ʻO ka pae hoʻomanawanui ʻana o ke anawaena he IT6 ~ IT7;Pono e ho'omalu 'ia ka ho'omanawanui 'ana i loko o ke anawaena o waho;ʻO ka roughness ili he Ra0.63 ~ 5m.
(3) Hoʻonohonoho pololei ma waena o nā ʻili nui
1) Coaxiality ma waena o loko a me waho pōʻai.Inā hoʻokomo ʻia ka lima i loko o ka lua o ka mīkini ma mua o ka hana hope ʻana, a laila ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa o nā koi coaxiality no nā pōʻai i loko a me waho o ka lima;inā hoʻopau ʻia ka lima ma mua o ka hoʻokomo ʻana i ka mīkini, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o nā koi coaxiality., ʻO ka hoʻomanawanui he 0.005 ~ 0.02mm.
2) Perpendicularity ma waena o ke axis puka a me ka maka hope.Inā hoʻokau ʻia ka maka hope lima i ka ukana axial i ka wā o ka hana, a i hoʻohana ʻia ma ke ʻano he kuhikuhi kūlana a me ka ʻōlelo hōʻuluʻulu ʻana, a laila he kiʻekiʻe ke kiʻekiʻe o ka maka hope i ka axis hole a i ʻole ka holo ʻana o ka axial circular runout e koi i ka hoʻomanawanui o 0.005 ~ 0.02mm. .

4. ʻenehana hana o nā ʻāpana lima

ʻO nā kaʻina hana nui no ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i nā ʻāpana lima ka hapa nui o ka ʻōpala a me ka hoʻopau ʻana i ka lua o loko a me ka ʻaoʻao o waho, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka roughing a me ka hoʻopau ʻana o ka lua i loko.ʻO nā ʻano hana maʻamau i hoʻohana ʻia, ʻo ia ka wili, reaming, kuʻi, ʻoi, wili, kaha kiʻi a me ka wili.Ma waena o lākou, hoʻohana ʻia ka wili, reaming, a me ka wili ʻana e like me ka mīkini paʻa a me ka semi-finishing o nā lua, ʻoiai ke hoʻohana ʻia ka wili, wili, kaha kiʻi, a me ka wili ʻana e like me ka hoʻopau ʻana.

5. Koho waiwai no ka mīkini ʻāpana lima

ʻO ke koho ʻana i nā mea maka no nā ʻāpana lima e hilinaʻi nui ʻia i nā koi hana, nā ʻano hana a me nā kūlana hana o nā ʻāpana.Hana ʻia nā ʻāpana hoʻonohonoho i nā mea e like me ke kila, ka hao, ke keleawe a me ke keleawe, a me ka metallurgy pauka.Hiki i kekahi mau ʻāpana lima me nā koi kūikawā ke hoʻohana i kahi ʻano metala pālua a hoʻohana paha i ke kila kila kiʻekiʻe.Ke hoʻohana nei ke ʻano metala papalua i ke ʻano hoʻoheheʻe centrifugal no ka ninini ʻana i kahi papa o Babbitt alloy a me nā mea hao ʻē aʻe e kau ana ma ka paia o loko o ke kila a i ʻole ka hao hao.Ke hoʻohana nei i kēia ʻOiai ua hoʻohui kēia ʻano hana hana i kekahi mau hola kanaka, hiki iā ia ke mālama i nā metala non-ferrous a hoʻomaikaʻi i ke ola lawelawe o ka bearing.