Izinzwa zangaphakathi zihlanganisa ama-accelerometers (abuye abizwe ngokuthi ama-acceleration sensors) nezinzwa ze-angular velocity (ezibizwa nangokuthi i-gyroscopes), kanye namayunithi awo okulinganisa ahlanganisiwe e-single-, dual-, kanye ne-triple-axis ehlanganisiwe (ebizwa nangokuthi ama-IMUs) kanye ne-AHRS.
I-accelerometer yakhiwe isisindo sokuthola (esibizwa nangokuthi isisindo esibucayi), isisekelo, i-potentiometer, isiphethu, i-damper kanye negobolondo.Eqinisweni, isebenzisa isimiso sokusheshisa ukubala isimo sento ehamba emkhathini.Ekuqaleni, i-accelerometer izwa kuphela ukusheshisa endaweni eqondile yendawo.Ezinsukwini zokuqala, yayisetshenziswa kuphela ohlelweni lwezinsimbi zokuthola ukugcwala kwezindiza.Ngemuva kokuthuthukiswa kokusebenza nokuthuthukiswa, manje kuyenzeka ukwazi ukuzwa ukusheshisa kwezinto kunoma iyiphi indlela.Okujwayelekile kwamanje yi-accelerometer ye-axis engu-3, ekala idatha yokusheshisa yento kuma-eksisi amathathu ka-X, Y, no-Z ohlelweni lokuxhumanisa isikhala, olungabonisa ngokugcwele izici zokunyakaza zokuhumusha into.
Ama-gyroscopes akudala kakhulu ama-gyroscope emishini anama-gyroscope ajikelezayo akhelwe ngaphakathi anesivinini esikhulu.Ngenxa yokuthi i-gyroscope ingakwazi ukugcina ukuzungeza okunesivinini esikhulu nokuzinzile kubakaki be-gimbal, ama-gyroscopes okuqala asetshenziswa ekuzulazuleni ukuze kutholakale inkombandlela, kunqunywe isimo sengqondo nokubala isivinini se-angular.Kamuva, kancane kancane Isetshenziswa ezinsimbini zendiza.Kodwa-ke, uhlobo lwemishini lunezidingo eziphezulu ekucubunguleni ukunemba futhi luthinteka kalula ukudlidliza kwangaphandle, ngakho-ke ukubala okunembile kwe-gyroscope yomshini akuzange kube phezulu.
Kamuva, ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukunemba nokusebenza, isimiso se-gyroscope asiyona nje imishini, kodwa manje i-laser gyroscope (isimiso somehluko we-optical path), i-fiber optic gyroscope (umphumela we-Sagnac, isimiso somehluko we-optical path) senziwe.a) kanye ne-microelectromechanical gyroscope (okungukuthi i-MEMS, esekelwe kumgomo wamandla we-Coriolis futhi isebenzisa ukuguqulwa kwamandla angaphakathi ukuze ibale isivinini se-angular, ama-MEMS gyroscopes avame kakhulu kuma-smartphone).Ngenxa yokusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe be-MEMS, izindleko ze-IMU nazo zehle kakhulu.Njengamanje, isetshenziswa kabanzi, futhi abantu abaningi bayayisebenzisa, kusukela omakhalekhukhwini nezimoto, izindiza, imicibisholo nemikhumbi-mkhathi.Futhi kuwukunemba okuhlukile okukhulunywe ngenhla, izinkambu ezihlukene zohlelo lokusebenza, nezindleko ezihlukene.
Ngo-Okthoba wonyaka odlule, i-inertial sensor giant Safran yazuza umkhiqizi waseNorway ozofakwa maduze wezinzwa ze-gyroscope kanye ne-MEMS inertial systems Sensonor ukuze andise ububanzi bebhizinisi layo kubuchwepheshe bezinzwa obusekelwe ku-MEMS kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezihlobene,
I-Goodwill Precision Machinery inobuchwepheshe obuvuthiwe nolwazi emkhakheni wokukhiqiza izindlu zemojula ye-MEMS, kanye neqembu lamakhasimende elizinzile nelibambisanayo.
Izinkampani ezimbili zase-France, i-ECA Group ne-iXblue, zingene esigabeni sangaphambi kokuhlanganisa sezingxoxo zokukhethekile.Ukuhlanganiswa, okugqugquzelwa yi-ECA Group, kuzodala umholi wezobuchwepheshe obuphezulu baseYurophu emikhakheni yezolwandle, i-inertial navigation, space kanye ne-photonics.I-ECA ne-iXblue ozakwethu besikhathi eside.Uzakwethu, i-ECA ihlanganisa amasistimu wokumisa angasebenzi we-iXblue kanye nangaphansi kwamanzi enqoleni yayo ezimele engaphansi kwamanzi ngempi yasezimayini zasolwandle.
Ubuchwepheshe be-Inertial kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwezinzwa ze-Inertial
Kusukela ngo-2015 kuya ku-2020, izinga lokukhula kwaminyaka yonke lemakethe ye-inertial sensor yomhlaba wonke lingama-13.0%, kanti usayizi wemakethe ngo-2021 ucishe ube ngama-dollar ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-7.26.Ekuqaleni kokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe be-inertial, yayisetshenziswa ikakhulukazi emkhakheni wezokuvikela kazwelonke kanye nemboni yezempi.Ukunemba okuphezulu nokuzwela okuphezulu yizici eziyinhloko zemikhiqizo ye-inertial yobuchwepheshe bemboni yezempi.Izidingo ezibaluleke kakhulu ze-inthanethi Yezimoto, ukushayela ngokuzenzakalelayo, nobuhlakani bemoto ukuphepha nokwethembeka, bese kuba nokunethezeka.Ngemuva kwakho konke lokhu kunezinzwa, ikakhulukazi izinzwa ezinertial ezisetshenziswa kabanzi ze-MEMS, ezibuye zibizwe ngokuthi izinzwa ezinertial.iyunithi yokulinganisa.
Izinzwa ze-inertial (IMU) zisetshenziselwa kakhulu ukuthola nokulinganisa izinzwa zokunyakaza nokusheshisa.Lesi simiso sisetshenziswa kuzinzwa ze-MEMS ezinobubanzi obucishe bube uhhafu wemitha ukuya kumishini ye-fiber optic enobubanzi obucishe bube uhhafu wemitha.Izinzwa ze-inertial zingasetshenziswa kabanzi kuma-electronics abathengi, amathoyizi ahlakaniphile, i-electronics yezimoto, i-automation yezimboni, ezolimo ezihlakaniphile, imishini yezokwelapha, i-instrumentation, amarobhothi, imishini yokwakha, izinhlelo zokuzulazula, ezokuxhumana ngesathelayithi, izikhali zempi kanye neminye imikhakha eminingi.
Isegimenti yamanje yenzwa ye-inertial ecacile yamanje
Izinzwa ze-inertial zibalulekile ezinhlelweni zokuzulazula nezokulawula indiza, zonke izinhlobo zezindiza zezentengiselwano, nokulungiswa komzila wesathelayithi kanye nokuzinzisa.
Ukwenyuka kwamaqoqo ezinkanyezi amancane nama-nanosatellites obubanzi be-inthanethi bomhlaba wonke kanye nokuqapha okukude komhlaba, njenge-SpaceX ne-OneWeb, kuqhuba isidingo sezinzwa zesathelayithi ezinertial emazingeni angakaze abonwe.
Isidingo esikhulayo sezinzwa ze-inertial kuma-subsystems angaphansi kwesiqalisi serokhethi sikhuphula isidingo semakethe.
Amarobhothi, izinto kanye nezinhlelo ezishintshayo zonke zidinga izinzwa ezingasebenzi.
Ukwengeza, njengoba inkambiso yezimoto ezizimele iqhubeka, uchungechunge lwempahla yezimboni lunezinguquko.
Ukwenyuka okukhulu kwesidingo esiphansi somfula kukhuthaza ukusetshenziswa okukhulayo kwemakethe yasekhaya
Njengamanje, ubuchwepheshe obuse-VR yasekhaya, i-UAV, i-unmanned, irobhothi kanye nezinye izinkambu zokusetshenziswa kwezobuchwepheshe buya ngokuya buvuthwa, futhi isicelo siyathandwa kancane kancane, okushayela umthengi wasekhaya we-MEMS isidingo semakethe ye-inertial sensor ukwandisa usuku nosuku.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, emikhakheni yezimboni yokuhlola uphethiloli, ukuhlola nokubhala imephu, ujantshi wesitimela onesivinini esikhulu, ukuxhumana ngokunyakazayo, ukuqapha isimo se-antenna, uhlelo lokulandelela i-photovoltaic, ukuqapha impilo yesakhiwo, ukuqapha ukudlidliza kanye neminye imikhakha yezimboni, umkhuba wokusebenzisa ngobuhlakani uyabonakala. , osekuphenduke esinye isici sokukhula okuqhubekayo kwemakethe yasekhaya ye-MEMS inertial sensor.Umduduzi.
Njengedivayisi yokulinganisa eyinhloko ezinkundleni zezindiza kanye ne-aerospace, izinzwa ze-inertial bezilokhu zingenye yemishini ebalulekile ehilelekile ekuvikelekeni kwezwe lokuvikela.Iningi lokukhiqizwa kwenzwa yangaphakathi yasekhaya bekuhlale kuyizingxenye zikahulumeni ezihlobene ngqo nokuvikela izwe, njenge-AVIC, i-aerospace, i-ordnance, kanye ne-China Shipbuilding.
Namuhla, isidingo semakethe yezinzwa ze-inertial yasekhaya siyaqhubeka nokushisa, izithiyo zobuchwepheshe zakwamanye amazwe ziyanqotshwa kancane kancane, futhi izinkampani zasekhaya ezisezingeni eliphezulu zezinzwa zimi empambana-mgwaqo wenkathi entsha.
Njengoba amaphrojekthi okushayela ngokuzenzakalelayo eseqalile ukushintsha kancane kancane esuka esigabeni sokuthuthukiswa ukuya ekukhiqizeni umthamo ophakathi nendawo nophezulu, kubonakala kusengaphambili ukuthi kuzoba nengcindezi emkhakheni wokunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla, usayizi, isisindo, kanye nezindleko ngenkathi kugcinwa noma ukwandisa ukusebenza.
Ikakhulukazi, ukugcwaliseka kokukhiqizwa ngobuningi kwamadivayisi angenawo amandla e-micro-electromechanical kwenze ukuthi imikhiqizo yobuchwepheshe obungasebenzi isetshenziswe kabanzi ezindaweni zomphakathi lapho ukunemba okuphansi kungahlangabezana nezidingo zohlelo lokusebenza.Njengamanje, inkambu yesicelo nesikali sibonisa ukuthambekela kokukhula okusheshayo.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Mar-03-2023