I-aero-injini yenye yezona zinto ziphambili kwinqwelomoya.Oku kungenxa yokuba ineemfuno zobugcisa eziphezulu kwaye kunzima ukuyivelisa.Njengesixhobo esibalulekileyo samandla kwinkqubo yokubhabha yenqwelomoya, ineemfuno eziphezulu kakhulu zokulungiswa kwezinto.Ineempawu zobunzima bokukhanya, ukuqina okuphezulu, ukumelana nobushushu, ukuxhathisa kwe-oxidation kunye nokumelana nokugqwala, kunye neempawu ezikumgangatho ophezulu we-superalloy ziyenza ihlangabezane neemfuno zemathiriyeli ye-aero-injini.
Izinto zeSuperalloy zinokugcina ukusebenza kakuhle kumaqondo obushushu angaphezu kwama-600 ° C naphantsi kweemeko ezithile zoxinzelelo.Ukuvela kwezixhobo ze-superalloy kukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezifunekayo zezixhobo zanamhlanje ze-aerospace.Emva kweminyaka yokuzivelela kwezinto, ii-superalloys ziye zaba zizixhobo ezibalulekileyo zezixhobo ze-aerospace zenza izinto ezitshisayo.Ngokweengxelo ezinxulumeneyo, kwii-injini ze-aero, Ukusetyenziswa kwayo kubala ngaphezu kwesiqingatha sezinto zonke ze-injini.
Kwii-aero-injini zale mihla, ukusetyenziswa kwemathiriyeli ye-superalloy kukhulu ngokwentelekiso, yaye izinto ezininzi ze-injini ziveliswa ngee-superalloys, njengamagumbi okutsha, ii-vanes ezikhokelayo, iiblade ze-iturbine disk, ii-rings ze-injini ze-injini, i-rings, kunye nezitshisi zasemva.Amacandelo afana namagumbi okutsha kunye nemibhobho yomsila ziveliswa kusetyenziswa izinto ze-superalloy.
Ukusetyenziswa kwe-superalloy kwi-aeroengine
Ngokuziphendukela kweteknoloji ngokuqhubekayo kunye nokujula okuqhubekayo kwintsimi yokuhlola, uphando kwi-rhenium entsha equkethe i-crystal blades enye kunye ne-superalloys entsha iya kuqhubeka iphononongwa.Izixhobo ezitsha ziya kongeza amandla amatsha kwintsimi yokwenziwa kwezixhobo ze-aerospace kwixesha elizayo.
1. Uphando lwamacwecwe ekristale enye equlethe irhenium
Olunye uphononongo lubonise ukuba xa kusetyenzwa izixhobo ezinokwakheka kwekristale enye, zombini iipropathi zealloyi kunye nepropathi yenkqubo kufuneka zithathelwe ingqalelo, kuba iikristale enye kufuneka zisetyenziswe kwindawo ezirhabaxa, ke ezinye izinto zokudibanisa ezineziphumo ezizodwa zihlala zongezwa izixhobo zokuphucula.iimpawu zekristale enye.Ngokuphuhliswa kwee-alloys ze-crystal enye, ukubunjwa kweekhemikhali ze-alloy kutshintshile.Kwizinto eziphathekayo, ukuba izinto zeqela leplatinamu (ezifana neRe, Ru, Ir elements) zongezwa, umxholo wezinto eziphikisayo W, Mo, Re, kunye noTa unokunyuswa.Ukwandisa inani elipheleleyo lezinto ekunzima kakhulu ukunyibilika, ukwenzela ukuba izinto ezifana ne-C, B, Hf zinokutshintshwa ukusuka kwimeko "esusiwe" ukuya kwimeko "esetyenzisiweyo";ukunciphisa umxholo weCr.Kwangaxeshanye, ukongeza ezinye izinto ezidibanisayo kunokwenza ukuba izinto eziphathekayo zigcine uzinzo kwiimfuno zokusebenza kwezinto ezahlukeneyo.
Ukusetyenziswa kwe-rhenium ene-crystal blades enye kunokuphucula kakhulu ukuxhathisa ubushushu kunye nokwandisa amandla okuhamba.Ukongeza i-3% ye-rhenium kwi-alloy ye-crystal alloy kunye nokwandisa ngokufanelekileyo umxholo we-cobalt kunye ne-molybdenum inokunyusa ukuxhathisa ubushushu nge-30 °C, kwaye amandla ahlala ixesha elide kunye ne-oxidation corrosion resistance ingaba kwi-balance balance.urhulumente, oya kuba luncedo kwisicelo esikhulu se-rhenium equkethe ii-crystal blades enye kwintsimi ye-aerospace.Ukusetyenziswa kwe-rhenium-equlethe izinto zekristale enye yee-aero-injini ye-injini ye-injini yinto ehamba phambili kwixesha elizayo.I-crystal blades enye ineenzuzo ezicacileyo malunga nokumelana nobushushu, amandla okudinwa kwe-thermal, ukumelana ne-oxidation kunye nokuxhathisa ukubola.
2. Uphando kwiisuphaloyi ezintsha
Zininzi iintlobo zemathiriyeli entsha ye-superalloy, ezona zixhaphakileyo yi-powder superalloy, i-ODS alloy, i-intermetallic compound kunye nobushushu obuphezulu bentsimbi yokuzithambisa.
Izinto zePowder superalloy:
Ineenzuzo zesakhiwo esifanayo, isivuno esiphezulu kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kokukhathala.
Iikhompawundi ze-Intermetallic:
Inokunciphisa ubunzima bamacandelo kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza, okufanelekileyo kakhulu ukwenza iinkqubo zokunyusa amandla.
Iialloyi ze-ODS zine:
Ukusebenza okuphezulu kobushushu obuphezulu, ukumelana nobushushu obuphezulu be-oxidation
Izixhobo zokuzithambisa ezisekwe kwintsimbi enobushushu obuphezulu:
Isetyenziselwa ikakhulu ukuvelisa iibheringi ezizithambisayo zobushushu obuphezulu, okwandisa amandla okuthwala kunye nokwandisa amandla okuthwala.
Ngokusetyenziswa okukhulayo kweetyhubhu ezinzima ze-superalloy kwii-injini ze-aero, imfuno yazo iya kuqhubeka ikhula kwintsimi ye-aerospace yexesha elizayo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Mar-02-2023