Aero-engine bụ otu n'ime ihe kachasi mkpa ụgbọ elu.Nke a bụ n'ihi na ọ nwere ihe dị elu teknuzu chọrọ ma sie ike imepụta.Dị ka ngwaọrụ ike dị mkpa na usoro ụgbọ elu nke ụgbọ elu, ọ nwere nnukwu ihe achọrọ maka nhazi ihe.Ọ nwere njirimara nke ịdị arọ dị arọ, ịdị elu dị elu, nguzogide okpomọkụ, nkwụsị nke oxidation na corrosion resistance, na àgwà dị elu nke superalloy na-eme ka ọ bụrụ ihe achọrọ nke ihe igwe ikuku.
Ihe Superalloy nwere ike ịnọgide na-arụ ọrụ nke ọma na okpomọkụ karịa 600 Celsius na n'okpuru ọnọdụ nrụgide ụfọdụ.Mpụta nke ihe superalloy bụ imezu ihe na-achọsi ike nke akụrụngwa ikuku ọgbara ọhụrụ.Mgbe ọtụtụ afọ nke mgbanwe ihe onwunwe gasịrị, superalloys aghọwo ihe dị mkpa maka akụrụngwa ikuku na-emepụta ihe ndị na-ekpo ọkụ.Dị ka akụkọ ndị metụtara ya, na aero-engines, Ya ojiji mere ihe karịrị ọkara nke dum engine ihe.
N'ime igwe ikuku nke ọgbara ọhụrụ, iji ihe superalloy na-eme ihe dị nnọọ ukwuu, a na-ejikwa ọtụtụ ihe eji arụ ọrụ arụ ọrụ, dị ka ụlọ ọkụ, vanes ndu, oghere turbine, na casings turbine disk, mgbanaka, na afterburners.A na-emepụta ihe ndị dị ka ụlọ ọkụ na ọdụ ọdụ site na iji ihe superalloy.
Ngwa nke superalloy na aeroengine
Site na ngbanwe nke teknụzụ na-aga n'ihu na mmụba na-aga n'ihu nke ngalaba nyocha, a ga-aga n'ihu na-enyocha nyocha banyere rhenium ọhụrụ nwere otu kristal kristal na superalloys ọhụrụ.Ihe ọhụrụ ga-agbakwunye ike ọhụrụ n'ọhịa nke imepụta akụrụngwa ikuku n'ọdịnihu.
1. Nnyocha na otu kristal agụba nwere rhenium
Ụfọdụ ọmụmụ egosila na mgbe nhazi ihe na otu kristal mejupụtara, ekwesịrị iburu n'uche ma ihe ndị na-emepụta ihe na ihe nhazi, n'ihi na ọ dị mkpa ka a na-eji otu kristal mee ihe na gburugburu ebe dị njọ, ya mere, a na-agbakwunye ụfọdụ ihe ndị na-emepụta ihe na-enwe mmetụta pụrụ iche. ihe iji meziwanye.Njirimara kristal otu.Site na mmepe nke otu kristal alloy, ihe mejupụtara kemịkalụ nke alloy agbanweela.N'ime ihe ahụ, ọ bụrụ na agbakwunyere ihe ndị na-emepụta platinum (dịka Re, Ru, Ir element), ọdịnaya nke refractory element W, Mo, Re, na Ta nwere ike ịba ụba.Mụbaa mkpokọta ihe ndị na-esiwanye ike igbari, nke mere na ihe ndị dị ka C, B, Hf nwere ike gbanwee site na steeti "wepụrụ" gaa na steeti "eji";belata ọdịnaya nke Cr.N'otu oge ahụ, ịgbakwunye ihe ndị ọzọ alloying nwere ike ime ka ihe ahụ nọgide na-enwe nkwụsi ike setịpụrụ na ihe dị iche iche chọrọ ịrụ ọrụ ihe.
Iji otu agụba kristal nwere rhenium nwere ike melite nguzogide ọnọdụ okpomọkụ ya ma welie ike na-akpụ akpụ.Ịgbakwunye 3% rhenium na otu kristal alloy na ịbawanye ọdịnaya nke cobalt na molybdenum n'ụzọ kwesịrị ekwesị nwere ike ịbawanye nguzogide okpomọkụ site na 30 Celsius, na ike na-adịgide adịgide na nguzogide corrosion oxidation nwekwara ike ịdị na nguzozi dị mma.steeti, nke ga-aba uru na ngwa ngwa buru ibu nke rhenium nwere otu kristal agụba na mbara ikuku.Ojiji nke rhenium nwere otu ihe kristal maka igwe ikuku turbine bụ ihe na-eme n'ọdịnihu.Otu eriri kristal nwere uru doro anya n'ihe gbasara nguzogide okpomọkụ, ike ike ọgwụgwụ, nguzogide oxidation na nguzogide corrosion.
2. Nnyocha na superalloys ọhụrụ
Enwere ọtụtụ ụdị nke ihe ọhụrụ superalloy, ndị a na-ahụkarị bụ ntụ ntụ superalloy, ODS alloy, intermetallic compound na elu okpomọkụ metal onwe-lubricating ihe.
Ihe onwunwe ntụ ntụ superalloy:
Ọ nwere uru nke edo Ọdịdị, elu mkpụrụ na ezi ike ọgwụgwụ arụmọrụ.
Ngwakọta intermetallic:
Ọ nwere ike belata ịdị arọ nke ihe ndị dị na ya ma melite arụmọrụ, nke dị nnọọ mma maka ịmepụta usoro mgbasa ozi ike.
ODS alloys nwere:
Ọmarịcha elu okpomọkụ creep arụmọrụ, elu okpomọkụ oxidation iguzogide
Ihe eji eme mmanu onwe onye dabere na igwe okpomọkụ:
A na-eji ya eme ihe na-emepụta ihe na-ekpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ nke onwe ya, nke na-eme ka ike dị ike na-eme ka ọ dịkwuo elu.
Na ngwa na-abawanye nke superalloy hard tubes na aero-engine, ọchịchọ ha ga-anọgide na-abawanye na-eme n'ọdịnihu ubi ugbo elu.
Oge nzipu: Mar-02-2023